Navigating Tensions: The Upcoming EU-GCC Summit and Its Implications for Regional Stability

As tensions in the Middle East escalate, the upcoming EU-Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Summit on October 16 promises to be a pivotal moment for addressing pressing issues such as maritime security, counterterrorism, and regional stability. Luigi Di Maio, the European Union’s Special Representative for the Gulf and former Italian Foreign Minister, has outlined the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead in fostering stronger partnerships between the EU and GCC nations.

Security as a Central Theme

At the heart of the dialogue between the European Union and the Gulf states is a focus on security. This encompasses a wide array of concerns, including cybersecurity, maritime security, and counterterrorism, alongside critical energy issues. In an exclusive interview with Formiche.net, Di Maio emphasized that while the summit is not directly linked to the current emergency situation in the region, it will play a crucial role in addressing ongoing challenges.

The agenda for the summit is expected to cover a range of critical topics for multilateral cooperation, including the war in Gaza, the situation in Lebanon, and the destabilization in the Red Sea region. Di Maio pointed out that maritime security is a shared concern among the nations involved, highlighting the need for collaborative efforts to tackle these common challenges.

Iran: A Complex Relationship

One of the most intricate aspects of the EU-GCC dialogue is the relationship with Iran. Di Maio noted that Iran has recently sent “positive signals,” such as reopening embassies in certain Arab countries and improving relations with Saudi Arabia. However, significant challenges remain. Di Maio has raised concerns during his meetings with Iranian Foreign Ministers about “unacceptable” military supplies from Iran to Russia, the unjustified detention of European citizens, and internal repression.

Moreover, Iran’s support for the Axis of Resistance, particularly in relation to attacks targeting Israel, complicates the landscape further. The EU’s approach to Iran is multifaceted, balancing the need for dialogue with the necessity of addressing these pressing issues.

A Multipolar Foreign Policy

Di Maio observed that GCC countries are adopting a multipolar approach in their foreign policy, engaging with global powers like Russia and China. This is evident in their trade relations with Beijing and their alignment with Moscow through the OPEC+ framework. However, Di Maio stressed that the actions of these global players should not be a cause for concern. Instead, the focus should be on proactive engagement and avoiding inaction.

The upcoming summit is expected to showcase the EU’s robust strategy in the region, which has considerable potential for effective implementation. By fostering stronger ties with GCC nations, the EU aims to create a more stable and secure environment in the Middle East.

Building a Strategic Partnership

The strategic partnership between the EU and the GCC can be developed on multiple fronts, according to Di Maio. One of the primary areas of focus is improving the economic cooperation framework at the commercial level. This initiative aims to create a more conducive business environment for both sides, fostering trade and investment.

Additionally, there is a strong emphasis on renewable energy, particularly hydrogen, as both regions seek to transition towards more sustainable energy sources. The EU also supports the normalization process with Iran and backs the Abraham Accords, which aim to establish peaceful relations between Israel and several Arab nations.

Di Maio highlighted the GCC’s role in addressing the Palestinian issue and the importance of fostering people-to-people connections. He described these connections as essential for building a deep and comprehensive understanding among nations. To facilitate this, efforts are underway to simplify visa processes through initiatives like the VISA Cascade, which has been operational since April.

Italy’s Strategic Role in the GCC

Italy is making significant strides in strengthening its strategic partnerships with GCC countries, particularly with Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Qatar. Di Maio remarked that these growing ties represent a substantial advantage for both Italy and the European Union as a whole. Italy’s role as a “multiplier of strategic capabilities” enhances the EU’s overall influence in the region.

As the EU-GCC Summit approaches, the stakes are high. The discussions and decisions made during this pivotal meeting will not only shape the future of EU-GCC relations but also have far-reaching implications for regional stability in the Middle East. With security, economic cooperation, and diplomatic engagement at the forefront, the summit represents a critical opportunity for fostering a more secure and prosperous future for all involved.